Assessing the Shifts: A 5-Year Analysis of Surfactant and Assisted Ventilation Trends in Neonatal Care in the United States (2016-2020)

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Ramesh Vidavalur MD MBA FAAP

Abstract:

Background: Respiratory distress syndrome is the most common cause of respiratory problems in preterm infants. Early nasal CPAP, combined with the INSURE method (INtubation-SURfactant-Extubation) as the primary respiratory support approach for preterm infants, has gained popularity over prophylactic surfactant with mechanical ventilation in recent years. Limited evidence exists to understand racial differences in resource usage among preterm infants.

Objective: To investigate the trends, gender, and racial differences in the use of surfactant and assisted ventilation for > 6 hours among newborns in the United States.

Methods: Using 2016-2020 population-based cohort data for all births from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s WONDER natality database, we calculated rates, examined trends, and investigated gender and racial differences for surfactant use and assisted ventilation. Contingency tables analyses and Chi-square calculations were performed to detect differences between the groups with statistical significance set at p<.05.

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Funding/Support: None

Additional Information: This study was presented at Epidemiology/Healthcare Research Symposium, Pediatric Academic Societies (PAS) annual meeting, Denver, CO, USA, April 21-25, 2022.

Disclosure: The author has no disclosures.

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